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What Are Anxiety Disorders? People with anxiety disorders experience anxieties and fears that are out of proportion to a specific circumstance or, in the case of generalized anxiety disorder, they worry about various situations. They also have trouble controlling these symptoms. Symptoms of anxiety disorders usually begin in the early years of childhood. The root cause of anxiety disorders is not known. However, genes and life experiences could contribute to the cause. Signs and symptoms While everyone feels anxious every now and then constant anxiety and worry that is hard to manage and interferes with your daily routine could be a sign of an anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorders include generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) as well as anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, specific phobias and post-traumatic stress disorder. GAD is characterized by a sense of overwhelming and uncontrollable anxiety. They may have trouble concentrating and may be constantly worried about their health, money or work. Symptoms of panic disorder involve brief, intense episodes of discomfort or fear that happen without warning and may cause symptoms like chest pain heart palpitations, difficulty breathing, or dizziness. People with phobias experience a fear of certain things or situations, or even places. Examples include heights, spiders, or enclosed spaces. OCD is characterized by repetitive, compulsive behaviors that are employed to manage anxiety and reduce the associated feelings of tension. Those with post-traumatic stress disorder have difficulty letting go of upsetting terrifying memories that can trigger nightmares and flashbacks. The causes of anxiety disorders are not completely identified, but they may have a number of causes. Certain studies suggest that both genetics and the surroundings of a person are important. Generalized anxiety disorder, for instance is a condition that can be passed down through families. Stressful or traumatizing childhood experiences can increase the chance of developing anxiety disorders. Anxiety disorders are more prevalent in those with chronic medical conditions as well as those who are dependent on alcohol or drugs. Most anxiety disorders respond well when treated. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy, as well as medication can alleviate the symptoms of anxiety disorders. Cognitive behavioral therapy is a kind of psychotherapy that teaches people to think and behave in a manner that helps them feel less anxious. The use of medications, like beta-blockers and medications for anxiety, which are used to treat high blood pressure, may help with physical symptoms like a shaking or rapid heartbeat. A doctor will determine the best medication and dosage for each patient. Early treatment can make anxiety disorders less difficult. Diagnosis Most people feel anxious at certain points, for instance prior to presenting a speech or taking an exam. However, if those feelings become unabated, inexplicably, and unreasonable, and disrupt routine activities, they could be signs of anxiety disorder. A mental health professional will diagnose anxiety disorders using the criteria found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. They will ask about your symptoms, when they started, how long they have been going on, if they are getting worse, and how they impact your life. They will also look for any other conditions that might cause similar symptoms, such as thyroid issues or depression. Different anxiety disorders have different symptoms. Your doctor will determine the kind of anxiety disorder that is causing you problems and create the treatment plan. This could include psychotherapy, medication or both. Certain people are more prone to developing anxiety disorders than others. This includes those with an ancestral history of anxiety or other mental health conditions and children who are exposed to or witness traumatic events and those who suffer from medical conditions like systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, or sleep apnea. It is also more typical for anxiety to be associated with other physical or mental ailments like heart disease or depression. People with anxiety disorders frequently have difficulty admitting that they have a problem, or seeking treatment. This is often due to social stigma and a lack of understanding that anxiety disorders are a treatable condition, or a lack of access to treatment. Anxiety disorders can be difficult to treat, but with the right support, most people get better. Talk to your doctor about the ways to manage anxiety and stick to your treatment plan. Make sure you adhere to the prescribed dosage and attend therapy sessions. Avoid drinking alcohol and smoking cigarettes because they can cause anxiety symptoms. Be honest with your family and friends about your condition and join a group of people who share similar conditions. This will allow you to cope and share your tips with others. Involve your loved ones in your treatment and attempt to end the cycle of anxiety by spending more time doing activities you enjoy, such as hobbies or sports. Treatment Psychotherapy, medication and other complementary techniques can be used to treat some types of anxiety disorders. The treatments for anxiety include benzodiazepines and antidepressants. Some people will have to test a variety of medications before they discover one that works. Caffeine, some over-the-counter drugs and prescriptions, as well as illicit substances, and herbal supplements can aggravate anxiety symptoms and interact with prescription medications. It is important to discuss any changes in their use of drugs with a physician. Treatment for anxiety disorders often requires the use of therapy in conjunction with medication. Therapy can help you manage your symptoms and work towards changing your negative thoughts and beliefs that trigger anxiety. Therapy can also help you practice relaxation and stress-reducing techniques, such as deep relaxation, meditation and breathing exercises. Cognitive behavioral therapy is one of the most effective treatments for anxiety. It helps you learn to think and behave in a manner that decreases anxiety. Exposure therapy is another option, in which you are gradually confronting the issues that trigger anxiety. It can also include alternative approaches to health such as acupuncture or mindfulness. If you suffer from severe anxiety, your doctor may prescribe a brief course of benzodiazepines with fast-acting properties to help ease your anxiety. If you are expressing suicidal thoughts or feelings, you should be evaluated by the emergency department. The use of medication can ease the symptoms of anxiety disorders, but they are not an effective cure. They are not able to remove the underlying cause, and must be taken regularly. Some of the most effective treatments for anxiety disorders combine psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy like cognitive behavioral therapy or exposure therapy. You can avoid some signs of anxiety by regularly exercises, avoiding unhealthy foods and drinking alcohol in moderation. Smoking and getting enough sleep can also help. It is important to maintain social connections and avoid loneliness because loneliness can worsen anxiety symptoms. You can look through the ADAA Find-a Therapist database to locate a therapy provider near you or visit BetterHelp, a service that matches clients with licensed therapists starting at just $49. Prevention Humans are programmed to feel anxiety and fear whenever certain situations occur. Our bodies train us to fight off or flee any threat. If these symptoms persist and begin to interfere with everyday life, they are considered anxiety disorders. Anxiety symptoms can be caused by a variety of factors that include genetics, stress, environment trauma, and even substance use. The good news is that many people with anxiety disorder can overcome it with assistance of treatment. The first step is to talk with your primary care provider about your symptoms. Your doctor will examine your health and, if needed, refer you to a mental health professional. Some of the most effective treatments for anxiety disorders is psychotherapy and medications. Talk therapy can teach you how to manage your emotions and alter negative thoughts patterns that fuel anxiety. Medicines can help decrease the symptoms and help you to concentrate on healthy behavior. Antidepressants are among the drugs used to combat anxiety. Beta blockers and benzodiazepines are other examples. Relaxation techniques like meditation and deep breathing can also help to reduce anxiety. Avoiding caffeine and other substances that can alter your mood can be beneficial. Additionally, regular exercise can help reduce stress levels. Try to make more friends or find a new hobby if you're having difficulty coping with your anxiety. It is important to remember that anxiety disorders typically begin in adolescence or childhood and tend to be a part of families. Some people who have been through a difficult time in their lives for example, abuse in childhood or severe loss, may be more at chance of developing an anxiety disorder. The USPSTF recommends that all adults as well as postpartum and pregnant women should be assessed for anxiety disorders. The risk of developing anxiety disorders should be assessed on a case-by-case basis taking into consideration their individual risks and benefits. In the absence evidence on optimal screening frequency doctors are advised to use their judgment when evaluating a person's risks, comorbidities and life events to determine if additional screening is warranted.